Dialectic Variation and Sequence Convergence in Budgerigars

budgerigars
dialects
sequence structure
social learning
A peer-reviewed longitudinal study of colony-specific warble-song syntax before and after contact between two social groups.
Published

October 15, 2023

Peer-reviewed article · 2023

Study objective

The study tests whether captive budgerigar colonies differ in higher-order warble-song structure and whether colony-associated sequence patterns change after previously separate groups come into contact.

Longitudinal comparison

Warble songs were compared between two captive budgerigar colonies. Sequence structure was quantified at multiple levels, including note repetition and transition structure, and the same individuals were subsequently analysed after contact between the colonies.

The longitudinal design tested both initial colony differentiation and the stability of sequence-level structure following a change in social environment.

Results

The colonies initially differed in warble-song syntax, and repeated-note motifs provided higher-order signatures of colony membership. Following contact, sequence structure converged and the original colony-specific repetition patterns were no longer detected.

The longitudinal change provides evidence that socially mediated vocal plasticity extends beyond individual note acoustics to the temporal organization of complex sequences in adults.

Interpretation

Acoustic dialect research often emphasizes the structure of individual calls. These results show that colony differentiation can also occur in note order and repetition, and that these higher-order properties can change following contact between social groups.

Research themes

Publication

Madabhushi, A. J., Wewhare, N., Binwal, P., Agarwal, V., and Krishnan, A. (2023). Higher-order dialectic variation and syntactic convergence in the complex warble song of budgerigars. Journal of Experimental Biology, 226(20): jeb245678. Read the paper.